Cūḷasaṅgāmo

1. Anuvijjakassapaṭipatti

365.[pari. 421] Saṅgāmāvacare bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamantena nīcacittena saṅgho upasaṅkamitabbo rajoharaṇasamena cittena; āsanakusalena bhavitabbaṃ nisajjakusalena; there bhikkhū anupakhajjantena, nave bhikkhū āsanena appaṭibāhantena, yathāpatirūpe āsane nisīditabbaṃ; anānākathikena bhavitabbaṃ atiracchānakathikena; sāmaṃ vā dhammo bhāsitabbo paro vā ajjhesitabbo ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo nātimaññitabbo.

Saṅghena anumatena puggalena anuvijjakena anuvijjitukāmena na upajjhāyo pucchitabbo, na ācariyo pucchitabbo, na saddhivihāriko pucchitabbo, na antevāsiko pucchitabbo, na samānupajjhāyako pucchitabbo, na samānācariyako pucchitabbo, na jāti pucchitabbā, na nāmaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, na gottaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, na āgamo pucchitabbo, na kulapadeso pucchitabbo, na jātibhūmi pucchitabbā. Taṃ kiṃ kāraṇā? Atrassa pemaṃ vā doso vā. Peme vā sati dose vā, chandāpi gaccheyya dosāpi gaccheyya mohāpi gaccheyya bhayāpi gaccheyya.

Saṅghena anumatena puggalena anuvijjakena anuvijjitukāmena saṅghagarukena bhavitabbaṃ no puggalagarukena, saddhammagarukena bhavitabbaṃ no āmisagarukena, atthavasikena bhavitabbaṃ no parisakappikena, kālena anuvijjitabbaṃ no akālena, bhūtena anuvijjitabbaṃ no abhūtena, saṇhena anuvijjitabbaṃ no pharusena, atthasaṃhitena anuvijjitabbaṃ no anatthasaṃhitena, mettācittena anuvijjitabbaṃ no dosantarena, na upakaṇṇakajappinā bhavitabbaṃ, na jimhaṃ pekkhitabbaṃ, na akkhi nikhaṇitabbaṃ, na bhamukaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, na sīsaṃ ukkhipitabbaṃ, na hatthavikāro kātabbo, na hatthamuddā dassetabbā.

Āsanakusalena bhavitabbaṃ nisajjakusalena, yugamattaṃ pekkhantena atthaṃ anuvidhiyantena sake āsane nisīditabbaṃ, na ca āsanā vuṭṭhātabbaṃ , na vītihātabbaṃ, na kummaggo sevitabbo, na bāhāvikkhepakaṃ [na vācā vikkhepakaṃ (syā.)] bhaṇitabbaṃ, aturitena bhavitabbaṃ asāhasikena, acaṇḍikatena bhavitabbaṃ vacanakkhame , mettācittena bhavitabbaṃ hitānukampinā, kāruṇikena bhavitabbaṃ hitaparisakkinā, asamphappalāpinā bhavitabbaṃ pariyantabhāṇinā, averavasikena bhavitabbaṃ anasuruttena, attā pariggahetabbo, paro pariggahetabbo, codako pariggahetabbo, cuditako pariggahetabbo, adhammacodako pariggahetabbo, adhammacuditako pariggahetabbo, dhammacodako pariggahetabbo, dhammacuditako pariggahetabbo, vuttaṃ ahāpentena avuttaṃ apakāsentena otiṇṇāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ pariggahetvā paro paṭipucchitvā yathā paṭiññāya kāretabbo, mando hāsetabbo [vepo pahāsetabbo (syā.)], bhīrū assāsetabbo, caṇḍo nisedhetabbo, asuci vibhāvetabbo, ujumaddavena na chandāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na dosāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na mohāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, na bhayāgatiṃ gantabbaṃ, majjhattena bhavitabbaṃ dhammesu ca puggalesu ca. Evañca pana anuvijjako anuvijjamāno satthu ceva sāsanakaro hoti, viññūnañca sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca.

366. Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya, opammaṃ nidassanatthāya, attho viññāpanatthāya, paṭipucchā ṭhapanatthāya, okāsakammaṃ codanatthāya, codanā sāraṇatthāya, sāraṇā savacanīyatthāya, savacanīyaṃ palibodhatthāya, palibodho vinicchayatthāya, vinicchayo santīraṇatthāya, santīraṇaṃ ṭhānāṭhānagamanatthāya, ṭhānāṭhānagamanaṃ dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahatthāya, pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sampaggahatthāya, saṅgho sampariggahasampaṭicchanatthāya, saṅghena anumatā puggalā paccekaṭṭhāyino avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāyino.

Vinayo saṃvaratthāya, saṃvaro avippaṭisāratthāya, avippaṭisāro pāmujjatthāya, pāmujjaṃ pītatthāya, pīti passaddhatthāya, passaddhi sukhatthāya, sukhaṃ samādhatthāya, samādhi yathābhūtañāṇadassanatthāya, yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ nibbidatthāya, nibbidā virāgatthāya, virāgo vimuttatthāya, vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanatthāya, vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ anupādāparinibbānatthāya. Etadatthā kathā, etadatthā mantanā, etadatthā upanisā, etadatthaṃ sotāvadhānaṃ – yadidaṃ anupādācittassa vimokkhoti.



这是对《小战争》(Cūḷasaṅgāmo)中"审查者的行为"(Anuvijjakassapaṭipatti)部分的翻译:
审查者的行为
在战争期间,比丘接近僧团时,应以谦卑之心接近,如同除尘之心;应当善于就座,善于安坐;不应挤开长老比丘,不应排斥新比丘,应坐在适当的座位上;不应说无关的话,不应说过多的闲话;应自己说法或请他人说法,不应轻视圣者的沉默。
经僧团同意,想要审查的审查者不应询问戒师,不应询问老师,不应询问同住者,不应询问弟子,不应询问同戒师者,不应询问同老师者,不应询问出身,不应询问名字,不应询问姓氏,不应询问来历,不应询问家族背景,不应询问出生地。为什么?因为这可能会产生爱憎。如果有爱憎,就可能因欲望、憎恨、愚痴或恐惧而偏离。
经僧团同意,想要审查的审查者应尊重僧团而不是个人,应尊重正法而不是物质,应为利益而不是为取悦大众,应适时审查而不是不当时,应以事实审查而不是虚假,应温和审查而不是粗暴,应有益审查而不是无益,应以慈心审查而不是怀恨在心,不应耳语,不应斜视,不应瞪眼,不应皱眉,不应抬头,不应做手势,不应打手势。
应善于就座,善于安坐,注视前方一牛轭之距,专注于目的,坐在自己的座位上,不应起身,不应离开,不应走邪路,不应说无关的话,应从容不迫,不应鲁莽,应温和而不暴躁,应以慈心为他人着想,应怜悯而关心利益,不应说废话而应说有限度的话,应无怨无恨,应自我约束,应约束他人,应约束指责者,应约束被指责者,应约束非法指责者,应约束非法被指责者,应约束如法指责者,应约束如法被指责者,不遗漏已说之事,不揭露未说之事,仔细考虑已陈述的词句,询问他人后应按其承认而行事,应使愚者欢喜,应安慰胆怯者,应制止暴躁者,应揭露不洁者,应正直温和,不应因欲望、憎恨、愚痴或恐惧而偏离,应对法和人保持中立。这样审查的审查者就是导师教法的实行者,也会受到有智慧的同修们的喜爱、尊敬和敬仰。
经文是为了对照,比喻是为了说明,意义是为了理解,反问是为了确立,给予机会是为了指责,指责是为了提醒,提醒是为了劝告,劝告是为了障碍,障碍是为了判决,判决是为了考虑,考虑是为了决定是非,决定是非是为了惩戒恶人,鼓励善良比丘,僧团是为了接受和认可,僧团认可的个人是为了独立和诚实。
戒律是为了约束,约束是为了无悔,无悔是为了欢喜,欢喜是为了喜悦,喜悦是为了轻安,轻安是为了快乐,快乐是为了定,定是为了如实知见,如实知见是为了厌离,厌离是为了离欲,离欲是为了解脱,解脱是为了解脱知见,解脱知见是为了无取般涅槃。这就是讨论的目的,这就是商议的目的,这就是亲近的目的,这就是倾听的目的 - 也就是心无所取而解脱。

367.

Anuyogavattaṃ nisāmaya, kusalena buddhimatā kataṃ;

Suvuttaṃ sikkhāpadānulomikaṃ, gatiṃ na nāsento samparāyikaṃ.

Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākāraakovido;

Pubbāparaṃ na jānāti, katākataṃ samena ca.

Kammañca adhikaraṇañca, samathe cāpi akovido;

Ratto duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca, bhayā mohā ca gacchati.

Na ca saññattikusalo, nijjhattiyā ca akovido;

Laddhapakkho ahiriko, kaṇhakammo anādaro;

Sa ve [sace (ka.)] tādisako bhikkhu, appaṭikkhoti vuccati.

Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākārakovido;

Pubbāparañca jānāti, katākataṃ samena ca.

Kammañca adhikaraṇañca, samathe cāpi kovido;

Aratto aduṭṭho amūḷho, bhayā mohā na gacchati.

Saññattiyā ca kusalo, nijjhattiyā ca kovido;

Laddhapakkho hirimano, sukkakammo sagāravo;

Sa ve tādisako bhikkhu, sappaṭikkhoti vuccatīti.

Cūḷasaṅgāmo niṭṭhito.


请听审问的规则，由智者善巧制定；
善说与学处相应，不失来世的归宿。
不善巧于事、犯、罪，缘起和形态；
不知前后和已作未作的平等。
不善巧于业、诤事，以及平息之道；
有贪、嗔、痴者，因恐惧和愚痴而行事。
不善于劝导，不善巧于说服；
有偏见无惭耻，行为黑暗不尊重；
如此这般的比丘，被称为不可接受。
善巧于事、犯、罪，缘起和形态；
了知前后和已作未作的平等。
善巧于业、诤事，以及平息之道；
无贪、无嗔、无痴，不因恐惧和愚痴而行事。
善于劝导，善巧于说服；
有偏见有惭耻，行为光明有尊重；
如此这般的比丘，被称为可接受。
小战争经结束。



Tassuddānaṃ –

Nīcacittena puccheyya, garu saṅghe na puggale;

Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya, vinayānuggahena ca;

Uddānaṃ cūḷasaṅgāme, ekuddeso [ekuddesaṃ (sī. syā.)] idaṃ katanti.

这是其摘要 -
以谦卑之心询问，尊重僧团不尊重个人；
经文为了对照，以及为了支持戒律；
这是小战争经的摘要，这里做了一个总结。

